Command | Option | Description |
1. Uname |
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To find the version of unix os |
To find the machine name |
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2. Man |
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man grep |
man -e grep |
man -k copy |
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Print the user manual for any command. |
To find the user manual for grep command. |
One line definition of grep usage. |
Helpful when we donot know which command will solve the purpose.e.g :- gives the different option available for copying. |
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3.Cal |
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Print the calendar year or month |
Print the calendar 2009 year |
Print calender for current december month |
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4. Date |
date |
date +%m |
date +%h |
date +'%h%m' |
date +%d |
date +%y |
H,M and S |
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Tue Mar 09 07:10:10 IST 2009 |
3 |
March |
Mar-03 |
10 |
9 |
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5.Who |
who |
who am I |
who -H |
who -u |
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Login details of all the users in system |
Login details for only myself |
Login details for all users with headers info |
Login details for only active users |
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6.Passwd |
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7.Lock |
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lock the terminal for 45 minutes |
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8.Bc |
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9.ls |
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ls -x |
ls -F |
ls -a |
ls -r |
ls -x abc |
ls -R |
ls -ld |
ls -il testfile |
ls -lt |
ls -ltr |
ls -lut |
|
To Print the contents of current directory. |
Prints Multi column output of files with their names. |
To
Print only directoris and executable files.< * > indicate all
files containing executable code and </> indicate the directories. |
Print all files including hidden files. <a> stands for all. |
Reverse the sort order of all the files with their names. |
Print the content of abc directory. |
Print all files and sub-directories in directory TREE. |
Print all the directories. |
Prints the inode number of file. |
Prints all the file with their last modification time keeping latest modified at top. |
Prints all the file with their last modification time in reverse order keeping last modified at bottom. |
prints last access time of files. |
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10.Cat |
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cat testfile |
cat > testfile |
|
Print the content of any file. |
Create a new file with testfile name. |
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11.CP |
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cp -i testfile abc |
cp -r abc newabc |
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To copy file and directories. |
copying testfile to abc directory interactively. |
copying entire directiry structure abc to newabc recursively. |
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12.rm |
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rm -f newabc |
rm -r newabc |
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All the options of cp command is applicable for rm command. |
Removing directory newabc forcefuly. |
Recursive deletion will not remove the write protected files. |
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13.lp |
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Used for Printing the files |
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14.Split |
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split testfile |
split -72 testfile |
split testfile newfile |
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To split the big files in different small files of 1000 lines each<default>. |
Split the files into small files. |
change the default split line size to 72. |
Renaming the testfile to new name as <newfile>. |
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15. Cmp comm Diff |
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These three command are used to find the difference in two files |
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16.wc |
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wc -w testfile |
wc -c testfile |
wc -l testfile |
wc testfile |
|
Print the numbers of words, lines and character in the file |
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17.Path | PATH=$PATH:/home/ gagan:/home/deep | Set the path variable for SHELL to use these directory path to locate the executables commands. |
18.stty |
stty -a |
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stty intr \^c |
stty eof \^a |
|
Print current setting of terminal |
To delete the character during backspacing |
To change the interrupt key to Ctrl c instead of 'DELETE' default |
To change the termination control of input during file creation using cat command from Ctrl d to Ctrl a. |
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19.Alias |
alias |
alias l ='ls -ltr' |
alias showdir ='cd $1;ls -l' |
unalias |
|
Print all the alias set in the system. |
To create short hand names of command. |
Passing positional parameter ETL to showdir alias will take us to that directory. |
To redefine and unset the alias. |
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20.History |
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history -5 |
history 10 15 |
HISTSIZE 1200 |
|
To find the previous command that has been used. |
Print the last 5 command that has been used. |
Every command has event number. Display event number between 10 an d15. |
To change the defalult setting of command history saving feature. |
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21. r !! |
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Repeat previous command in Korn |
Repeat previous command in Bash
Repeat previuos to prevoius command |
Repeat the command with 20 event number. |
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22.Tilde(~) |
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Changes control to home directory |
Changes absolute path home directory of user a_cmdb, the value of home directory can be seen by $HOME environment variable |
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23.cd - |
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To switch between current working directory and most recently used directory. |
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24.chmod |
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chmod u+rwx newfile |
chmod g+x newfile |
chmod 757 newfile |
chmod 457 newfile |
chmod -R a+x abc |
chmod -R 001 . |
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Changing
the permission of file for user <u>, group <g>, others
<o> or all <a> with + as assign , - as remove and = as
absolute permission.r read<4>, w write<2> and x
execute<1>. |
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|
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Recursively changes the permission to execute for all directory and sub directory in abc directory for all users. |
. Indicate the current directory. |
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